The U.S. and Europe have developed plans to support Ukraine after the war ends

The United States, together with its European allies, has prepared two draft documents that were discussed with Zelensky in Berlin, setting out a strategy for supporting Ukraine after a potential “peace agreement” is reached.

The documents lay out general principles and detailed provisions for how forces would cooperate. In particular, they describe in detail how the United States would help identify attempts by Russia to carry out false-flag operations that could serve as a pretext for resuming hostilities. Officials have emphasized for years that such methods are typical of Moscow.

The main provisions include:

• helping Ukraine maintain a permanent peacetime army of 800,000 personnel with modern weapons and training;

• creating a Europe-led “Multinational Force Ukraine” that would operate inside the country to protect the sky and sea routes;

• expanding the use of U.S. intelligence for early warning of possible attacks by Russian armed forces;

• legally binding commitments by European countries to take action to restore peace in the event of a new attack—described by officials as guarantees “similar to NATO’s Article 5”;

• U.S. leadership of an international monitoring and verification system to oversee compliance with a ceasefire and quickly detect violations;

• concluding mutually beneficial trade agreements and allocating substantial resources to rebuild Ukraine’s infrastructure;

• using immobilized Russian sovereign assets in the EU to compensate Ukraine for damages;

• European countries supporting Ukraine’s process of joining the European Union.